Isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMO) are glucose oligomers that contain both α-D-(1,6) and α-(1,4) linkages. This category includes compounds such as isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltopentose, and higher branched oligosaccharides. Most oligosaccharides found in IMO consist of 3 to 7 monosaccharide units linked together; however, disaccharides and longer oligosaccharides (up to 9 units) are also present. The disaccharide fraction of IMO includes maltose, which is linked by an α-(1,4)-glycosidic bond, and isomaltose, linked by an α-D-(1,6)-glycosidic bond. The trisaccharide fraction comprises maltotriose, panose, and isomaltotriose. The remaining oligomers in the product consist of maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, and small amounts of oligomers with 8 or more degrees of polymerization (DP).
Here are some functions of IMO:
1. **Nutritional Support**: Isomalto-oligosaccharides provide nutrients and stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria, particularly the Bifidus species, which naturally reside in the gastrointestinal tract. This increase in friendly bacteria helps protect the liver.
2. **Low Caloric Impact**: IMO is not digestible and does not significantly convert to calories, making it suitable for diabetic patients and those on a diet, as it will not cause an increase in blood glucose levels.
3. **Restoration of Microflora Balance**: Isomalto-oligosaccharides help restore the balance of microbial flora in the gut.
